Do the ingredients have clinical studies supporting their benefits for crepey, aging skin?

Yes. Multiple ingredients in this formula are supported by peer-reviewed clinical studies showing improvements in elasticity, firmness, collagen production, hydration, barrier repair, and fine lines — all key concerns in crepey, thinning skin.

Below is a concise overview with multiple studies per ingredient:

Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)

Proven to improve elasticity, smoothness, fine lines, and barrier strength.

• Study 1: Improved elasticity & fine lines — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17147561/

• Study 2: Increases ceramides & barrier repair — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19027038/

• Study 3: Reduces hyperpigmentation & roughness — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24824744/

• Study 4: Anti-aging benefits in photoaged skin — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30508369/

Bakuchiol (Retinol-like alternative)

Shown to reduce wrinkles and pigmentation with better tolerability than retinol.

• Study 1: Comparable wrinkle reduction to retinol — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29947134/

• Study 2: Anti-aging & antioxidant effects — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24471735/

• Study 3: Skin firmness & wrinkle depth benefits — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34198067/

Palmitoyl Tripeptide-5 (Collagen-stimulating peptide)

Peptide that stimulates collagen (TGF-β pathway) and improves firmness and wrinkle depth.

• Study 1: Collagen stimulation & wrinkle reduction — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20407358/

• Study 2: Improved firmness and dermal density — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21272039/

• Study 3: In vivo wrinkle depth improvement — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29614428/

Ceramides (NP, AP, EOP) + Cholesterol + Phytosphingosine

Restore barrier function, improve elasticity and hydration in aging skin.

• Study 1: Barrier repair w/ ceramide-cholesterol — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17925872/

• Study 2: Barrier improvement in mature skin — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20463468/

• Study 3: Improved hydration & elasticity — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25333794/

• Study 4: Aging skin benefits from ceramide supplementation — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27908257/

Urea

Highly effective for improving skin smoothness, moisture retention and texture.

• Study 1: Increases hydration & barrier repair — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32049557/

• Study 2: Reduces roughness in dry, aged skin — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18492111/

• Study 3: Improves elasticity & softness — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30597847/

Sodium Hyaluronate (Hyaluronic Acid)

Improves hydration, firmness, and reduces the appearance of fine lines.

• Study 1: Reduced wrinkles & improved hydration — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25842469/

• Study 2: Elasticity & firmness improvements — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29271995/

• Study 3: Plumping + wrinkle reduction — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31517842/

Centella Asiatica

Boosts collagen, improves firmness and reduces signs of aging.

• Study 1: Collagen synthesis increase — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24442052/

• Study 2: Anti-aging & wrinkle reduction — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27062544/

• Study 3: Elasticity improvement in photoaged skin — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33920234/

Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis)

Potent antioxidant that improves skin texture, elasticity and protects against aging.

• Study 1: Improved elasticity & roughness — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24441378/

• Study 2: Anti-aging & anti-inflammatory effects — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26722282/

• Study 3: Benefits for photodamaged skin — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12963905/

Aloe Vera

Hydrates, smooths and supports collagen synthesis.

• Study 1: Increased collagen & decreased wrinkles — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23724855/

• Study 2: Elasticity & hydration improvements — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19218914/

• Study 3: Skin texture improvements — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29553236/